Hydraulic power transmitter



March 12, 1935. D. CAMPBELL HYDRAULIC POWER TRANSMITTER Filed April 6,1935 Patented Mar. 12, 1935 PATENT OFFICE HYDRAULIC POWER TRANSMITTER,Duncan Campbell, Glasgow, Scotland Application April 6, 1933, Serial No.664,839

In Great Britain September 16, 1932 2 (Cl. 6H4) My invention relates toan improved hydraulic power transmitter, and has for its object, interalia, to simplify the construction and increase the efliciency of such,all as hereinafter described with reference to the drawing and pointedout in the claims.

In order that my invention may be properly understood and readilycarried into effect, I have hereunto appended one sheet of drawings, ofwhich Figure 1 is a sectional elevation illustrating my invention,

Figure 2 is an end view of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a detail view of the variable guide vanes in section, andshows the same in dotted lines when moved to contact with the flxedguide vanes or spacing plates.

According to this invention and referring to the drawing, thetransmitter is constructed in such a manner that the casing A is splitinto two sections and suitably connected or jointed on a plane whichpasses through the axis of the shafts B and C. -The driving shaft B iscarried on ball-bearings D, which are situated at the outer end in asuitable recess E in the casing A, and at the other end in a suitablerecess F in the hub G of the driven member H. The hub G of the drivenmember H is carried on a ballbearing or bearings I situated or placed ina suitable recess J in the casing A. Stufling boxes K are formed in thecasing A at the outer ends of both shafts B and C, and suitable glands Land packings M are also provided.

The central boss N of the impeller is suitably keyed to the drivingshaft B by means of the key 0, but in such a manner that the impeller iscapable of sliding longitudinally to oppose either the forward turbineblades P or the reverse turbine blades Q, as required. The impellerblades R are' cast integrally with the impeller casting, or the impellermay be in two parts or sections, the impeller blades B being castintegrally with one part or section and suitably attached to the otherpart or section; or the impeller blades B may be separate and suitablyattached to the impeller parts, and they extend from the eye or inletchamber S of the impeller to its periphery. A collar T with which theimpeller operating fork U engages is carried on a ball bearing V at theend of the impeller boss N. The forward turbine blades P may be castintegrally with the driven disc H, or they may be separate'and suitablyattached thereto. The reverse turbine blades Q may be cast integrallywith their respective blade-ring X, or

blade ring X. A serrated bush B which is carried by the casing A, andembraces the impeller boss N is provided in order to relieve glandpressure and leakage at the end of the driving shaft B. Return guidevanes or plates C are provided on the fluid return passage for directingthe working fluid at the correct angle to the impeller inlet chamber 8.These vanes C may be cast integrally with either the internal guide A orserrated bush B referred to, or with both, or

they'may be separate andsuitably attached tosame. Variable guide vanesare provided to meet the fluid discharged from the' turbineblades P or Qat varying angles, and direct same to the return guide vanes C withminimum shock, these variable guide vanes being situated in the fluidreturn passage adiacent to the outer diameter of the internal guide AEach variable guide vane is in two parts or sections D and E and arehinged together in such a manner as to allow suitable or restrictedangular movement between them relative to one another to the positionshown by the dotted lines in Figure 3. Each section D of the variableguide vanes is pivoted near its leading or outer edge on a pin orfulcrum I, which is attached to the internal guide A The free end of theother section E is disposed intermediate the fixed guide vanes or plates0', whereby the angular movement of said members D and E on the fulcrumpin F is restricted'by the flxed guidevaries C to the positions shown.The position in Figure 3 illustrates the normal position assumed by the.hinged or variable guide vanes D and E at maximum speed ratio when thefluid discharge from the turbine member is radial. Obviously under suchcondition and likewise slight fluctuation on either side of thiscondition the variable guide vanes are idling; however, that the fluid'would ordinarily suffer appreciable shock loss at entry to the Medguide vanes C, the variable guide vanes D and E assume either of thepositions (as required by the speed ratio) shown in dotted lines, anddeflect with minimum shock the fluid in a path indicated by arrows 2 and3 respectively.

46 of the variable guide vanes shown in full lines Two elbow pipeconnections G are provided through the casing A at suitable points inthe fluid passage, one facing the direction of flow, and the other inthe opposite direction. By this means a quantity of the working fluid isby-passed from the transmitted for purposes of cooling and such like.The fluid is also led back into the transmitter after being cooled.

I claim:

1. In a hydraulic power transmitter having a driving and a driven shaftcoaxially supported to rotate within a casing provided with spaced innerand outer walls, radially projecting plates to hold said walls spacedapart and to form a passageway, a turbine unit provided with bladesflxed to said driven shaft and to rotate within said passageway, animpeller mounted upon the driving shaft to register with the turbineunit, and a plurality of hinged guide vanes in the passageway betweenthe turbine blades and the spacing plates, each of said vanes formed intwo sections and connected together to permit angular movement relativeto one another, the outer end of one section pivotally mounted in thepassageway adjacent the blades, the free end of the other sectiondisposed between apair of platea whereb'y the fluid discharged from theblades causes movement of the vanes into varying angles to direct theflow of the fluid through the passageway with minimum shock and withoutloss of potential energy.

2. A hydraulic power transmitter comprising a driving and a drivenshaft,a casing to provide a closed chamber and arranged to support saidshafts co-axially, an internal guide within said casing, radiallyprojecting plates secured to one side of said casing and guide to spacethe same apart, and provide a fluid return passageway, a disc fixedlyconnected to the driven shaft and housed to rotate adjacent the oppositeside of the casing, forward and reverse blades carried by said disc withtheir outer ends arranged to register with said passageway, a ring fixedto said internal guide and having blades to aline with said reverseblades, an impeller mounted upon the driving shaft to rotate therewith,and

,slidable thereon to register'with either the forward or the fixedblades, the said impeller having sliding connection with the internalguide to form an inlet passageway for the flow of fluid in closeproximity to the lower portions of the plates, and a plurality of hingedvanes each pivotally connected near one end thereof in the passagewayadjacent to the outer ends of the turbine blades to receive the flow offluid therefrom, the opposite or free end of each of said vanes disposedbetween a pair of spacing plates, whereby the fluid discharged from theblades causes movementof the vanes into an angular position and intocontact with the plates to direct the flow of said fluid. through thepassageway with minimum shock and without loss of potential energy.

' DUNCAN CAMPBELL.

